Greg's Corner

The Psychology of Scams

By Greg Collier

Fear can be a great motivator. Fear triggers are fight or flight responses and often force us to make a split-second decision. Even though we’re making a decision in that short amount of time, that decision isn’t always the right one, and in many cases, that decision may not even make sense. That’s why fear is the greatest tool in the scammer’s arsenal.

Let’s take a look at a scam that happened recently in Minnesota. A 65-year-old woman lost $20,000 to the Microsoft pop-up scam. She received a pop-up on her computer that said she needed to call Microsoft. That’s where the fear starts. For people not super-familiar with how computers work may think the worst when getting a message like that. Have I been hacked? Is my identity being stolen? Will I lose all my pictures and personal files? Has my entire digital life been compromised?

The answer the woman got after calling the supposed phone number to Microsoft was probably worse than she could have imagined. The person she spoke with told her that there had been suspicious activity on her computer, and she needed to call the Federal Trade Commission and was given another number to call.

When she called who she thought was the FTC, she was told her IP address was being cloned and used by someone in Texas for illegal activity.

An IP address is like a phone number for your computer. Just as you need a phone number to make a call, your computer needs an IP address to connect to the internet and communicate with other devices. The IP address is a unique set of numbers assigned to your device by your internet service provider (ISP) that identifies it on the internet.

The person who was supposedly from the FTC told the woman that her IP address was being used to view explicit illegal images and illegal gambling. At this point, the scammers have elevated their fear tactics. Illegal gambling may not seem so bad, but when you add it to one of the worst online crimes a person could commit, and that you could be blamed for it, would send anyone into a deep state of fear.

The woman was then told that this was all part of an international money laundering scheme, and she needed to protect her money. The scammer told her she needed to take $20,000 out of her bank and UPS it to an address in Florida. She suggested she would withdraw the money and keep it in her home. The scammer told her if she did that, the local police would arrest her for money laundering. That probably pushed the woman into an even bigger panic, which is precisely what the scammers want.

We have the benefit of hindsight to be able to look at this scam and can see how convoluted it is. Microsoft doesn’t know what’s going on your computer. They’re also infamously known for being difficult to get a hold of. Even if they did know your device was compromised, they would tell you to call the FTC, who is also known for being difficult to contact, as most government agencies are. And no government agency would ever threaten a citizen with arrest over the phone.

So, we may look at this and wonder how anyone could fall for this scam, but when fear kicks in like this and someone is dealing with the pressure of the moment, anyone could be vulnerable to a scam.